Sunday, October 28, 2018
RAMKRISHNA MOVEMENT AND SWAMI VIVEKANANDA
Ramkrishna Paramhamsa was a poor priest at kali temple in Dakshineshwar.In his childhood he came to be known as Gadadhar Chattopadhyay. Parmahamsa himself laid foundation of Ramkrishna Math with his monastic disciples to fulfil the first objective.Later Swami Vivekanand fulfilled second objective after parmahmsa's death when he founded "RAMKRISHNA MISSION " in 1897.He used to say"SERVICE OF MANKIND IS THE SERVICE OF GOD".
ISHWAR CHANDRA VIDYASAGAR
ISHWAR CHANDRA VIDYASAGAR
Vidyasagar was a great scholar,a great reformer whose ideas were a happy blend of both indian and western thoughts.In 1850 he became the principal of sanskrit college.He opened sanskrit college for non-brahmins so as they could read and learn sanskrit like brahmins.He started a movement in favour of widow remarriage which resulted in legalisation of widows remarriage.He was also a crusader of polygamy,child marriage purdah system etc. As government inspector of schools he used to organise 35 girls schools many of which he ran at his own expenses. Being a secretary of Bethune school he was pioneer of higher education for women in india.
YOUNG BENGAL MOVEMENT AND HENRY VIVIAN DEROZIO
During late 1820s and early 1830s there emerged a radical, intellectual trend among the youth in bengal which came to be known as "YOUNG BENGAL MOVEMENT" :
1. A Young Anglo-indian "HENRY VIVIAN DEROZIO" who taught at hindu college was the leader and inspirer of this progressive trend. Derozio was perhaps also the first nationalist poet of modern india.
2.Derozio removed from the hindu college in 1831 because of his ideas of radicalism.
3.Reasons for their failure was social conditions of that time which were not suitable to adopt the idea of radicalisation at that time. Secondly movement failed to connect with the masses and got no support from any other social group or organisation.
4. Despite so many barriers Derozian demanded induction of indians in higher grades of services,freedom of press,trial by jury, better treatment to indian labour in abroad at british colonies ,revision of company charter etc.
5.Later surrender nath benarjee described Derozian as the "pioneer of modern civilisation of bengal".
PRARTHANA SAMAJ
FACTS AND FEATURES PRARTHANA SAMAJ RELIED ON :-
1.Prarthana samaj was founded by "ATMARAM PANDURANG" with the help of keshab chandra sen in 1867.
2.Prarthana samaj focused on social reforms than religion. Samaj relied on Education and women empowerment not on the conforontation with hindu orthodoxy.
3.Samaj focussed on four point social agenda:
(a)Disapproval of caste system
(b)Women Education
(c)Widow remarriage
(d)raising the age of marriage for both the males and females
4.Samaj became popular all over india after M.G Ranade joined the movement in1870.
5.Some of the leaders associated with the prarthana samaj are Mahadeo Govind Ranade, R.G Bhandarkar ,N.G Chandravarkar. Along with karve Ranade founded the Widow Remarriage Movement as well as widows home association with the aim of providing education and training to widows so that they couyld support themselves.
RAJA RAMMOHAN ROY - A GREAT INDIAN SOCIAL REFORMER
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great indian social reformer and popularly known in india as well as world wide for his works towards women empowerment and to modernise orthodox indian society. Raja was known as the "FATHER OF INDIAN RENAISSANCE" and maker of modern india, along with a gifted linguist- knows more than a Dozen Languages.
Important Facts And Some Legendry Works Related to Raja Ram Mohan Roy are as Follows:
1. Raja believed in monotheism which is contradictory to hinduism as hinduism believes in the theory of Polythiesm.
2.Raja Wrote "GIFT TO MONOTHEISTS" and translate Vedas and 5 upnishads into Bengali to prove his conviction that ancient hindu texts support Monotheism.
3.Raja set up "ATMIYA SABHA " or "SOCIETY OF FRIENDS " to propagate monotheism.
4.Raja Founded the "BRAHMO SABHA " which later named as "BRAHMO SAMAJ".
5.Raja Criticized and Struggle to abolish Sati and Polygamy. He also demanded the right to inheritence and right to property for women.
6.Raja established "VEDANTA COLLEGE " and supported David Hare's effort to establish the "HINDU COLLEGE".
7.Raja Supported the "Revolution of Naples and spanish America" and condemned the oppression of Ireland by English Landlordism.
Beyond all this Raja Ram Mohan Roy was an internationalist with a vision beyond his times . He was also awarded for his works to abolish sati pratha by the Government Regulation in 1829. It is a great honour for india and all the indians to Occasion birth of great soul at the Land of Bengal.
Friday, October 19, 2018
Main sources of imformation on modern indian history
There are different sources available for constructing and tracing the history of modern India but some of the most reliable and authenticated sources are as follows:
1. ARCHIVES: Archives are the original or unique documents not consciously written or created to convey information to the future generations. Official records are one of the most important part of the archives related to the history of modern India. Official records simply means papers of government agencies at various levels.
TYPES OF ARCHIVES:
(a) Central Government Archives
(b) State Government Archives
(c) Archives of three Presidencies
(d) Archives Of Other European Powers
(e) Published or Private Archives
2. JUDICIAL RECORDS
3. BIOGRAPHIES AND MEMOIRS
4. TRAVEL ACCOUNTS
5. FOREIGN REPOSITORIES
6. NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS
7. ORAL EVIDENCIES
8. COMPANY PAINTINGS
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